cuaj lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev tsim thiab kev tsim kho ntawm cov tsev tsim khoom steel

Steel qauv Hoobkas tsevtau txais kev lees paub dav dav hauv kev tsim kho engineering vim tias lawv tau nrawm los tsim, lub teeb hauv tus kheej qhov hnyav, muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo seismic, thiab yog ib puag ncig zoo. Nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm cov tsev lag luam, lawv tau maj mam hloov cov txheej txheem hnyav ntxiv.

Cov qauv hlau tsis tau siv nyob rau hauv Suav teb tau ntev, thiab lawv cov qauv tsim thiab kev tsim qauv tseem tab tom tsim. Txawm hais tias steel qauv kev lag luam vaj tsev muaj ntau qhov zoo, steel raws li cov khoom siv kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo - piv txwv li, hluav taws kub tsis zoo thiab nyiam corrode. Cov yam tseem ceeb no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum lub sij hawm tsim thiab kev tsim kho theem.

I. Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm Steel Structure Factory Buildings

Raws li tau hais nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, lub ntsiab zoo ntawmsteel qauv industrial vaj tseyog raws li nram no. Ua ntej, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim kho ceev: steel Cheebtsam yuav ua tau loj-tsim nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas; kev tsim kho yog yooj yim thiab erection yog ceev, uas zoo heev shortens lub sij hawm tsim kho. Qhov thib ob, raws li qhov hnyav ntawm tus kheej: qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsev tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm 30%; qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev lag luam ntawm cov chaw uas muaj lub hauv paus tsis tshua muaj peev xwm lossis siab seismic fortification siv, qhov twg tag nrho kev lag luam zoo dua li ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob ntxiv. Thaum kawg, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig: steel qauv belongs rau tsev neeg ntawm eco-friendly ntsuab tsev systems; steel nws tus kheej yog cov khoom siv muaj zog, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog cov nqi rov ua dua tshiab, thiab nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau formwork thaum siv.

II. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kos duab tsim

Cov duab kos yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsim kho hauv txhua qhov project. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim qauv ntawm lub tsev tsim steel qauv, cov kws tshaj lij ntawm lub tsev tsim kho yuav tsum tau teeb tsa kom ua tiav kev tshuaj xyuas kev sib koom ua ke, tshuaj xyuas cov duab kos rau "kev ua yuam kev, kev tsis sib haum xeeb, kev sib tsoo, thiab qhov tsis zoo" kom cov teeb meem daws teeb meem ua ntej kev tsim kho pib thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm teeb duab teeb meem ntawm qhov zoo thiab lub sijhawm raug khaws cia kom tsawg. Rau ib txoj haujlwm steel qauv, cais cov koom haum tsim qauv tsim yuav tsum tau npaj rau theem fabrication thiab erection theem; cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem fabrication yuav tsum npog cov qauv zoo thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm txhua tus txheej txheem thiab cov khoom sib txuas hauv theem fabrication, nrog rau cov kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb aopted los xyuas kom meej cov khoom zoo.

III. Cov Cai Tsim Qauv rau Bracing System

Txhawm rau kom tus cwj pwm spatial ntawm lub tsev, txhim kho nws cov zuag qhia tag nrho, tiv thaiv thiab xa mus rau longitudinal kab rov tav rog, tiv thaiv ntau deformation ntawm cov tswv cuab, tsis txhob buckling ntawm compression cov tswv cuab, thiab lav lub zuag qhia tag nrho stability ntawm cov qauv, ib tug txhim khu kev qha bracing system yuav tsum tau teem raws li cov qauv ntawm lub tsev, lub crane layout, vibrating cov cuab yeej, lub rhiav thiab qhov siab ntawm txhua qhov chaw. Txhua cheeb tsam kub yuav tsum tau muab nrog ib tug ruaj khov inter-kem bracing system, teem nyob rau hauv kev sib koom tes nrog lub ru tsev lateral kab rov tav bracing. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm qis-kem bracing yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab cov kev taw qhia ntawm longitudinal deformation thiab cuam tshuam rau tus nqi ntawm thermal stress; qhov qis-kem bracing yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ze li sai tau rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, kom cov tswvcuab longitudinal xws li crane beams tuaj yeem nthuav dav thiab cog lus ywj pheej mus rau ob qho kawg thaum qhov kub hloov pauv. Thaum qhov kub ntawm cheeb tsam luv luv, ib txheej ntawm qis-kem bracing feem ntau muab tso rau hauv nruab nrab. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum cheeb tsam kub ntev dua 150 m, ob pawg ntawm qis-kem bracing yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cheeb tsam kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ntev ntev; lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm peb cheeb tsam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias kom deb li deb tau, thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm ob qhov teeb tsa yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 72 m, kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau.

IV. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau Seismic Design

Thaum ua tiav qhov kev tsim seismic ntawm steel qauv kev lag luam, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum raug sau tseg. Ua ntej, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev teeb pom kev zoo, qhov loj thiab nruj ntawm cov qauv yuav tsum tau muab sib npaug zos kom lub tsev yog loaded uniformly thiab deforms nyob rau hauv ib tug kev sib koom tes; Cov tawv nqaij tsis sib xws yuav tsum tau zam, vim tias nws muaj qhov tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm seismic. Rau cov qauv kev hloov pauv, lub thav duab nruj, lossis ib lub thav duab uas lub ru tsev truss yog nruj me ntsis txuas nrog cov kab, yuav tsum tau saws, thiaj li ua kom siv tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau thiab txo qhov kev hloov pauv. Qhov thib ob, steel qauv vaj tsev feem ntau ua tsis tau vim lub zog ntawm cov tswv cuab tsis txaus, tab sis vim cov tswv cuab buckle; Yog li ntawd, ib tug zoo-txheej bracing system uas guarantees tag nrho stability ntawm lub tsev yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb. Thaum kawg, nyob rau hauv av qeeg, kev qaug zog qis tshwm sim, thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub tsev yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab hauv kev tsim. Kev tsim cov qauv kev sib txuas yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias kev sib koom ua tsis tiav tsis tshwm sim ua ntej qhov kev ua tiav tag nrho ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm cov qauv; cov tswv cuab yuav tsum raug tso cai nkag mus rau theem yas kom lawv tuaj yeem nqus tau seismic zog thiab txhim kho lawv lub peev xwm seismic.

V. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim hluav taws kub thiab hluav taws kub

Steel qauv industrial vaj tsemuaj hluav taws tsis zoo. Thaum cov hlau kub siab tshaj 100 ° C, nws lub zog tensile txo qis thiab nws cov plasticity nce thaum kub nce. Nyob ib ncig ntawm 250 ° C, lub zog tensile ntawm cov hlau nce me ntsis thaum nws cov plasticity txo qis - qhov tshwm sim hu ua xiav brittleness. Tshaj 250 ° C, hlau pib nkag. Thaum txog 500 ° C, lub zog ntawm cov hlau poob qis heev uas cov qauv hlau yuav tawg. Yog li ntawd, thaum twg qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov qauv steel siab tshaj 150 ° C, thermal rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev tiv thaiv hluav taws tsim yuav tsum tau muab (feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem kub-resistant, hluav taws-tiv thaiv txheej).

Hauv kev tsim kho ntawmsteel qauv industrial vaj tse, muaj ntau yam teeb meem tshwm sim; ntawm no peb tsuas yog tsom xam cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.

VI. Embedding Anchor Bolts Thaum Tsim Kho

Nws tuaj yeem hais tias txawm tias cov thauj tog rau nkoj bolts tau ruaj khov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub tsev steel qauv kev lag luam. Qhov tseeb ntawm cov thauj tog rau nkoj bolts ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw ntawm cov qauv steel. Thauj tog rau nkoj bolts yuav tsum tau embedded nrog nruj precision: axis sib txawv ± 2.0 hli, thiab elevation ± 5.0 hli. Ua ntej txhim kho cov ncej thauj tog rau nkoj bolts, project txhua axis ntawm kab rov tav tswj network mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub hauv paus kem thiab kaw lub voj, thiaj li yuav lav qhov tseeb installation ntawm bolts; tom qab ntawd kos cov npoo sab nrauv ntawm txhua kab raws li cov axes. Thaum lub thav duab txhawb nqa (shoring) rau kem thauj tog rau nkoj bolts yog tsim, hloov qhov yuav tsum tau nce mus rau steel-tube ncej. 

VII. Ceev faj Thaum Hoisting

Cov kev ceev faj tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no. Ua ntej, kos cov kab nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv paus phaj ntawm kem ko taw thiab cov kab nruab nrab ntawm lub thauj tog rau nkoj bolts, thiab ntxuav tawm cov shear qhov nyob rau hauv kem puag; Tom qab lub steel kem nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm, kho nws qhov siab thiab ceev ceev. Thib ob, tom qab cov kab hlau nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam tau tsim kho, txhim kho cov hlua khi (cov tswv cuab sib txuas), txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm txhua kab thiab tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm deforming thaum cov kab hlau hoisted. Thaum kawg, hoist cov kab hlau: txuas ob kab ntawm cov kab nruab nrab ntawm huab cua thiab ua qhov kev sib tw thawj zaug ntawm lub zog siab bolts; thawj kab teeb yuav tsum tau muab kev ruaj ntseg nrog plaub tug txiv neej nyob ntawm tej los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm tilting mus rau ib sab.

VIII. Teeb meem hauv kev txhim kho Crane Beam System

Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, crane beams yuav tsum tau muab ntsia nruj nreem los ntawm kem-braced bay, raws li cov specifications. Thaum lub inter-kem bracing yog ntsia thiab kev cob cog rua, nws tsim ib tug ruaj khov spatial stiffness unit; kev txhim kho los ntawm qhov bay no muaj kev nyab xeeb dua thiab tseem ua kom ntseeg tau tias erection ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob crane tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov verticality ntawm txhua kab. Thaum lub sij hawm installation, shim daim hlau yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv crane beams nrog loj kawg-section deviations; Cov shims no yuav tsum tau welded rau hauv qhov chaw tom qab lub crane beam system tau raug kho, thiab cov kab teeb yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov tseeb ntawm cov kab teeb tsa ua ntej. Lub braking system yuav tsum raug txuas nrog tsuas yog tom qab cov kab teeb crane tau raug kho thiab kho. Thaum lub phaj nres txuas nrog lub crane beam los ntawm lub zog siab bolts thiab rau cov ntswj ntswj los ntawm kev vuam, qhov kev sib txuas tseem ceeb: ua ntej txuas lub phaj nres rau lub crane nqaj nrog lub zog siab bolts thiab ua qhov pib nruj; tom qab ntawd kho cov auxiliary truss, tack-weld rau lub phaj nres, thiab ua qhov kawg nruj ntawm lub siab-lub zog bolts; Thaum kawg, weld lub phaj nres rau lub auxiliary truss. Ob qho tib si nruj ntawm lub zog siab bolts thiab vuam ntawm lub phaj nres yuav tsum pib los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm txhua phaj mus rau ob sab, thiaj li yuav txo qis kev ntxhov siab hauv lub phaj.

IX. Stacking ntawm Steel Cheebtsam

Txhawm rau kom erection yooj yim dua, cov khoom siv hlau yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv txoj kev tsim nyog tom qab lawv tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus yog: cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj rau erection yuav tsum tau teem ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw, ua raws li cov hoisting sequence-cov uas yuav tsum tau hoisted ua ntej mus rau saum, thiab cov hoisted tom qab mus rau hauv qab; cov khoom uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau ceev yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia ib ntus ntawm qhov chaw. Thaum stacking, khaws cov kab thiab kab sib cais, thiab muab lawv los ntawm axis. Lub chaw cia khoom yuav tsum tswj hwm los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm raug xaiv; Cheebtsam yuav tsum raug suav nrog cov khoom yuav tsum tau thiab cov npe xa khoom, thiab cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua. H-section cov tswv cuab yuav tsum tau khaws cia ncaj, tsis txhob tiaj tus. Txhua feem yuav tsum tau txais kev txhawb nqa tsawg kawg yog ob lub ntsiab lus; cov ntsiab lus txhawb nqa yuav tsum nyob ntawm ib feem xya ntawm qhov ncua sij hawm los ntawm cov tswv cuab xaus. Thaum muab tso rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, tsis pub ntau tshaj peb txheej; cov ntoo thaiv yuav tsum tau muab tso kom raug ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg kom lawv qib, thiab cov ntsiab lus txhawb nqa yuav tsum sib dhos vertically.